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中国高翻团队倾力之作
全文字数：1645字
阅读时间：15分钟
小贴士：
本文的划线句略有难度，建议大家划分句子结构，动笔翻译，对照下期的翻译答案理解修改~
文章第三段的一个相关知识：What did Churchill mean when he said, “democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others?” Democracy is flawed. But not as flawed as other forms of government.一种翻译为：“民主万恶，但别无选择。”
——大橙子留
上期翻译答案
Now, the question these aging nations are grappling withishow to adapt to the new reality — and potential benefits — of an older work force, while ensuring that people can retire after a lifetime of work without falling into poverty.
如今，这些正在老龄化的国家需要努力解决的问题是，如何适应老年劳动力市场的新现实及其潜在好处，同时确保人们在工作了一辈子后能退休，而不至于陷入贫困。
《本期内容》
双语阅读
When, in 1905, the then-unknown patent clerk Albert Einstein sent his revolutionary ideas on special relativity, thephotoelectric effect, Brownian motion and a few other topics to the German journal Annalen der Physik, its editors were happy to publish them. Submissions were rare and therefore rarely rejected—unless the text was clearlybonkers.
1905年，当时还籍籍无名的专利员阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦把自己关于狭义相对论、光电效应、布朗运动和其他一些革命性理论的文章发给了德国的《物理学年鉴》。这家期刊的编辑们非常乐意发表这些文章。因为投稿的文章数量很少，所以几乎不会有文章被拒稿——除非文章写得太差劲。
Things are different now. Most top academic journals use a system of peer review, which asks independent experts in the same field to assess papers before they are accepted. Reviewers are meant to check the methods, analysis and conclusions and, crucially, whether the work meets the required standards for publication.
现在的情况就不一样了。大多数顶级学术期刊都使用同行评议制度，要求同一领域的独立专家在稿件被录用之前审稿。审稿人需要审查研究方法、分析过程和结论，最重要的是要看论文是否符合发表标准。
No scientist would claim that peer review is perfect. There are plenty of famous cases of ground-breaking papers being rejected after flawed advice from reviewers, while seldom a week goes by without one field or another rounding on ashoddypiece of work on social media and asking how on Earth it passed peer review. Many researchers describe the review process by borrowing Winston Churchill’squipabout democracy: it’s the worst system except for all the others.
没有一个科学家敢说“同行评议”是完美无瑕的。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~很多研究人员借用丘吉尔讽刺民主的话来描述同行评议“这是所有体系中最差劲的一种。”（或意译为：同行评议万恶，但别无选择。）
A new study of the peer review process reveals a novel and depressing, if not totally surprising, fault. It indicates that a modern-day Albert Einstein, or any researcher with a good idea but without an already-stellarreputation, might struggle toget their foot in the door. Status bias means the name of the individual on the paper can matter as much as the findings when it comes to what gets published, suggests the study, which was released last week as a working paper on the SSRNrepository.
一项有关同行评议流程的研究揭露了一个全新的、令人沮丧，但并不完全出人意料的错误。研究表明，就算爱因斯坦再现，或者任何一个有着好想法的研究者，如果没有显赫的名声，仍然会被拒之门外。该研究表明，地位偏见意味着，在哪些文章能被发表这件事上，论文作者的名字可能与研究结果一样重要。该研究上周作为SSRN知识库的工作论文发表。
Researchers have suspected for a long time that work from established senior figures often gets an easier ride in peer review and is more likely to be accepted and published. It is an example of the so-called Matthew effect of accumulated advantage, that eminent people get disproportionate credit for work—named after the biblicalparableof the talents in the Gospel of Matthew, which states that “to everyone who has will more be given”.
长期以来，研究人员一直怀疑，由著名资深人士产出的著作往往更容易通过同行评议，文章更有可能被接受和发表。这是所谓的累积优势马太效应的一个例子，即杰出的人因取得的成果而获得不相称的荣誉，这来自于圣经《马太福音》中关于天才的寓言，“凡有的，还要加倍给他”。
本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）
发布时间：2022.10.01
作者：Peer review
原文标题：An influential academic safeguard is distorted by status bias
词汇积累
1.bonkers
英/ ˈbɒŋkəz /美/ ˈbɑːŋkərz /
adj.（非正式）疯狂的，精神不正常的
2.shoddy
英/ ˈʃɒdi /美/ ˈʃɑːdi /
adj.劣质的，粗制滥造的；卑鄙的，不正当的
n.长弹毛（织物），软再生毛（织物）
3.quip
英/ kwɪp /美/ kwɪp /
n.妙语；嘲弄；讽刺语
vi.嘲弄；讥讽
vt.嘲弄
4.stellar
英/ ˈstelə(r) /美/ ˈstelər /
adj.星的；星球的；主要的；一流的
5.repository
英/ rɪˈpɒzət(ə)ri /美/ rɪˈpɑːzətɔːri /
n.贮藏室，仓库；自然资源丰富的地区；（电脑）数据库；喻为知识宝库的人（或物）
6.parable
英/ ˈpærəb(ə)l /美/ ˈpærəbl /
n.（尤指《圣经》中耶稣所讲的的）（道德或宗教）寓言
词组搭配
1.get ones foot in the door 初步进入（企业或组织）；迈出成功的第一步
2.photoelectric effect 光效应，[物] 光电效应
写作句总结
原句：Researchers have suspected for a long time that work from established senior figures often gets an easier ride in peer review and is more likely to be accepted and published.
结构：someone with xxx often gets an easier ride in doing sth and is more likely to do sth.
例句：Someone with a good education background often gets an easier ride in finding a job and is more likely to success.
打卡作业
在草稿纸上翻译文章中的划线句，完成每日的打卡练习！下期推送会公布参考翻译答案，大家一起来学习英语吧~
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（戳码回复“J88”）
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